106 lines
18 KiB
HTML
106 lines
18 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html lang="fr">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<title>Mécanique - 1. Référentiel et repère</title>
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
|
|
<meta content="no-store, no-cache" http-equiv="Cache-Control">
|
|
<meta content="text/css" http-equiv="Content-Style-Type">
|
|
<meta name="author" content="Sophie Jequier - Bertrand Dauphole - EDITEUR : Université de Bordeaux - MAPI ">
|
|
<meta name="keywords" content>
|
|
<meta name="date" content="20/10/2016">
|
|
<link href="../wdgt/scImgMgr/scImgMgr.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<script type="text/JavaScript">
|
|
/*0*/ var scServices = {};
|
|
/*1*/ scServices["scLoad"] = {loadFromRoot:function(pUrl){window.location.href="../"+pUrl;}, getPathFromRoot:function(pPath){return "../"+pPath;}, getUrlFromRoot:function(pHref){if(!this.fRootOffset) this.fRootOffset = scCoLib.hrefBase().length-26; return pHref.substring(this.fRootOffset);},getRootUrl:function(){if(!this.fRootUrl) this.fRootUrl = scCoLib.hrefBase().substring(0,scCoLib.hrefBase().length-27); return this.fRootUrl;}};
|
|
</script>
|
|
<script src="../lib-sm/scCoLib.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../lib-sm/scSiLib.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../lib-sm/scPaLib.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../lib-sm/scTiLib.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../lib-sm/scMapMgr.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../lib-sm/scTooltipMgr.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../lib-sm/scDynUiMgr.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../svc/scorm.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../lib-sm/scDragMgr.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../lib-sma/scAssmntMgr.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../wdgt/tplMgr/tplMgr.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../wdgt/mnuMgr/mnuMgr.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../wdgt/dynSizes/dynSizes.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../wdgt/scImgMgr/scImgMgr.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script src="../wdgt/scImgMgr/scImgMgr.locale.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/JavaScript">
|
|
/*0*/ try{var vCurrDir = scCoLib.hrefBase().substring(0,scCoLib.hrefBase().lastIndexOf("/")+1); if(window.opener && window.opener.location.href.lastIndexOf(vCurrDir, vCurrDir.length)==0 && window.opener.scServices) scServices = window.opener.scServices; else if(window.parent && window.parent.location.href.lastIndexOf(vCurrDir, vCurrDir.length)==0 && window.parent.scServices) scServices = window.parent.scServices;}catch(e){}
|
|
scImgMgr.registerGallery("des:div.galFra");
|
|
|
|
scImgMgr.registerZoom("des:a.imgZoom",{toolbar:1,mag:1,titlePath:"par:/nsi:/chi:span.capTi"});
|
|
|
|
</script>
|
|
<meta name="generator" content="SCENARI 4.0.600 / Scoup 1.7.004 - http://scenari-platform.org/opale">
|
|
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0" name="viewport">
|
|
<meta content="IE=EDGE" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible">
|
|
<meta name="revised" content="2018-11-08 14:50">
|
|
<link rel="start" href="Bloc4_web.html" title="Mécanique ">
|
|
<link media="all" href="../skin/css/html.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link media="screen" href="../skin/css/struct_page.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link media="screen" href="../skin/css/buttons.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link media="screen" href="../skin/css/mnu_page.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link media="screen" href="../skin/css/mnu_child.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link media="all" href="../skin/css/transf.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link href="../skin/css/indexes.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link href="../skin/css/assmnt.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link href="../skin/css/assmnt_train.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link media="screen" href="../skin/css/sub_windows.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<!--[if IE]><link media="screen" href="../skin/css/ie.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/><![endif]-->
|
|
<!--[if lt IE 7]><link media="screen" href="../skin/css/ie6_page.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/><link media="all" href="../skin/css/ie6_sub_windows.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/><![endif]--><link media="print" href="../skin/css/print.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<link media="all" href="../skin/css/scoup.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
|
|
<!-- Matomo -->
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || [];
|
|
/* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */
|
|
_paq.push(['trackPageView']);
|
|
_paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']);
|
|
(function() {
|
|
var u="https://piwik.univ-lille.fr/";
|
|
_paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']);
|
|
_paq.push(['setSiteId', '189']);
|
|
var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
|
|
g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s);
|
|
})();
|
|
</script>
|
|
<!-- End Matomo Code -->
|
|
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<div id="tplFra"><div id="tplTop"><ul id="accessibility"><li class="tplWaiContent"><a title="aller au contenu" href="#content" class="waiBtn contentWaiBtn"><span>contenu</span></a></li><li class="tplWaiMenu"><a title="aller au menu" href="#menu" class="waiBtn menuWaiBtn"><span>menu</span></a></li><li class="tplWaiNav"><a title="aller à la navigation" href="#navigation" class="waiBtn navWaiBtn"><span>navigation</span></a></li><li class="tplWaiTools"><a title="aller aux outils" href="#tools" class="waiBtn toolsWaiBtn"><span>outils</span></a></li><li class="tplWaiFoot"><a title="aller au pied de page" href="#footer" class="waiBtn footWaiBtn"><span>pied de page</span></a></li></ul><noscript>Attention, votre navigateur ne supporte pas le javascript ou celui-ci a été désactivé. Certaines fonctionnalités de ce module sont restreintes.</noscript><h1 id="titleRoot"><span>Mécanique </span></h1></div><div id="tplLft"><hr class="hidden"><a href="#tools" name="tools" class="accessAnc" id="tools"></a><strong class="hidden">Mode : </strong><ul class="mnuMode"><li><span class="playBtnSel"><img class="btnImg" src="../skin/img/btn/playSel.png " alt="Cours"><span class="btnLbl">Cours</span></span></li><li><a target="_self" class="modeBtn toolsBtn saveBtn " href="Bloc4_web_1.html" title="Outils transverses"><span><img class="btnImg" onmouseout="this.src='../skin/img/btn/tools.png';" onmouseover="this.src='../skin/img/btn/toolsOver.png';" src="../skin/img/btn/tools.png " alt="Outils"><span class="btnLbl">Outils</span></span></a></li></ul></div><div class="tplMainMnu_open" id="tplMain"><div id="tplMnu"><hr class="hidden"><a href="#menu" name="menu" class="accessAnc" id="menu"></a><strong class="hidden">Menu : </strong><script type="text/JavaScript">
|
|
mnuMgr.declareOutline("outline.xml");
|
|
</script><div class="mnuBlock"></div><div class="mnuFra"><ul class="mnu mnu_static mnu_sch_no"><li class="mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_0 mnu_ueDiv"><div id="Bloc4_module.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_0 mnu_ueDiv mnu_sch_no"><a class="mnu_i mnu_lnk" target="_self" href="Bloc4_module.html"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>Cinématique et Dynamique Newtoniennes </span></span></a></div><ul class="mnu_sub mnu_sub_o"><li class="mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_1 mnu_ueDiv"><div id="Bloc4_module_1.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_1 mnu_ueDiv mnu_sch_no"><a class="mnu_i mnu_lnk" target="_self" href="Bloc4_module_1.html"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>Apprendre</span></span></a></div><ul class="mnu_sub mnu_sub_o"><li class="mnu_sel_yes mnu_l mnu_dpt_2 mnu_expUc"><div id="referentiel_repere.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_yes mnu_l mnu_dpt_2 mnu_expUc mnu_sch_no"><span class="mnu_i"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>1. Référentiel et repère</span></span></span></div></li><li class="mnu_sel_no mnu_l mnu_dpt_2 mnu_expUc"><div id="forces.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_no mnu_l mnu_dpt_2 mnu_expUc mnu_sch_no"><a class="mnu_i mnu_lnk" target="_self" href="forces.html"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>2. Les forces</span></span></a></div></li><li class="mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_2 mnu_courseUa"><div id="etude_mouvement.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_b_c mnu_dpt_2 mnu_courseUa mnu_sch_no"><a class="mnu_i mnu_lnk" target="_self" href="etude_mouvement.html"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>3. Étude de mouvement</span></span></a></div></li><li class="mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_2 mnu_courseUa"><div id="reconnaitre_mouvement.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_b_c mnu_dpt_2 mnu_courseUa mnu_sch_no"><a class="mnu_i mnu_lnk" target="_self" href="reconnaitre_mouvement.html"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>4. Reconnaître un mouvement</span></span></a></div></li><li class="mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_2 mnu_courseUa"><div id="loi_newton.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_b_c mnu_dpt_2 mnu_courseUa mnu_sch_no"><a class="mnu_i mnu_lnk" target="_self" href="loi_newton.html"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>5. Lois de Newton</span></span></a></div></li></ul></li><li class="mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_1 mnu_ueDiv"><div id="Bloc4_module_2.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_b_c mnu_dpt_1 mnu_ueDiv mnu_sch_no"><a class="mnu_i mnu_lnk" target="_self" href="Bloc4_module_2.html"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>S'exercer</span></span></a></div></li></ul></li><li class="mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_0 mnu_ueDiv"><div id="Bloc4_module_3.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_b_c mnu_dpt_0 mnu_ueDiv mnu_sch_no"><a class="mnu_i mnu_lnk" target="_self" href="Bloc4_module_3.html"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>Application des lois de Newton et de Kepler</span></span></a></div></li><li class="mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_dpt_0 mnu_ueDiv"><div id="Bloc4_module_5.html" class="mnuLbl mnu_sel_no mnu_b mnu_b_c mnu_dpt_0 mnu_ueDiv mnu_sch_no"><a class="mnu_i mnu_lnk" target="_self" href="Bloc4_module_5.html"><span class="mnu_sch"><span><span class="mnu_cursor"></span>Travail et énergie</span></span></a></div></li></ul></div><div id="tplIco"><div class="logoPhysique "></div></div></div><div id="tplCo"><div class="scroller"><hr class="hidden"><a href="#content" name="content" class="accessAnc" id="content"></a><strong class="hidden">Contenu : </strong><div style id="tplCoMarginW"><div id="tplCoFlexTop"></div><div class="mainContent "><h2 class="mainContent_ti"><span>1. Référentiel et repère</span></h2><div class="mainContent_co "><div class="def"><h3 class="def_ti blocks_ti"><span class="def_ti_co pb_ti_co"><span class="pbTi">Définition</span><span class="hidden"> : </span><span class="pbTiAuthor">Référentiel</span></span></h3><div class="def_co blocks_co"><div><p class="op_txt_p">Un référentiel est un <strong class="op_txt_is_emp">système de coordonnées</strong> de l'espace à 3 dimensions d'espace, dont l'origine est un corps ponctuel réel ou imaginaire, et associé à une coordonnée de temps. Le référentiel permet de quantifier les positions et les déplacements. Le référentiel est lié à un observateur (réel ou imaginaire) ; il est immobile par rapport à lui.</p></div></div></div><div class="info "><div><p class="op_txt_p">On utilise habituellement un référentiel <strong class="op_txt_is_emp">galiléen</strong> (ou inertiel), c'est-à-dire un référentiel dans lequel un objet isolé (sur lequel ne s'exerce aucune force ou sur lequel la résultante des forces est nulle) est soit au repos soit en mouvement de translation rectiligne uniforme : la vitesse est constante (au cours du temps) en direction et en norme.</p></div></div><div class="info "><div><p class="op_txt_p">Ce référentiel peut se donner sous forme d'un <strong class="op_txt_is_emp">repère cartésien orthonormé</strong>, c'est-à-dire une base orthonormée de 3 vecteurs d'espace et d'un “vecteur temps”. Alors les données physiques du mouvement d'un objet sont données en fonction de ce référentiel.</p></div><div><div class="resInFlow "><div class="resInFlow_co "><img src="../res/figure01-a.gif" width="271" height="274" alt></div><div class="resInFlow_ti "><span class="capTi">Figure1a</span></div></div></div><div><p class="op_txt_p">Repère cartésien à 2 dimensions <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere.png" style="vertical-align:-4px;">
|
|
</span> : les vecteurs unitaires<span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_1.png" style="vertical-align:-1px;">
|
|
</span> et <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_2.png" style="vertical-align:-4px;">
|
|
</span> sont portés par les axes <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_3.png" style="vertical-align:-1px;">
|
|
</span> et <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_4.png" style="vertical-align:-4px;">
|
|
</span>.</p></div><div><div class="resInFlow "><div class="resInFlow_co "><img src="../res/figure01b.gif" width="321" height="275" alt></div><div class="resInFlow_ti "><span class="capTi">Figure1b</span></div></div></div><div><p class="op_txt_p">Repère cartésien à 3 dimensions <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_5.png" style="vertical-align:-4px;">
|
|
</span> : les vecteurs unitaires <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_1.png" style="vertical-align:-1px;">
|
|
</span>, <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_2.png" style="vertical-align:-4px;">
|
|
</span> et <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_6.png" style="vertical-align:-1px;">
|
|
</span> sont portés par les axes <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_3.png" style="vertical-align:-1px;">
|
|
</span>, <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_4.png" style="vertical-align:-4px;">
|
|
</span> et <span class="op_txt_tl_mathtex">
|
|
<img class="sfile_math_inline" alt src="../res/referentiel_repere_7.png" style="vertical-align:-2px;">
|
|
</span>.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tplCoSpacer"></div></div></div></div><div id="tplRgt"><hr class="hidden"><a href="#navigation" name="navigation" class="accessAnc" id="navigation"></a><strong class="hidden">Navigation : </strong><a class="navBtn prevBtn btnPrv" target="_self" href="Bloc4_module_1.html" title="Précédent (Apprendre)"><span><img class="btnImg" onmouseout="this.src='../skin/img/btn/prev.png';" onmouseover="this.src='../skin/img/btn/prevOver.png';" src="../skin/img/btn/prev.png " alt="Précédent"><span class="btnLbl">Précédent</span></span></a><span class="hidden"> | </span><a class="navBtn nextBtn btnNxt" target="_self" href="forces.html" title="Suivant (2. Les forces)"><span><img class="btnImg" onmouseout="this.src='../skin/img/btn/next.png';" onmouseover="this.src='../skin/img/btn/nextOver.png';" src="../skin/img/btn/next.png " alt="Suivant"><span class="btnLbl">Suivant</span></span></a></div><div id="tplBtm"><hr class="hidden"><a href="#footer" name="footer" class="accessAnc" id="footer"></a><span id="tplBtmLeft"><a target="_self" class="homeBtn " href="Bloc4_web.html" title="Accueil"><span><img class="btnImg" onmouseout="this.src='../skin/img/btn/home.png';" onmouseover="this.src='../skin/img/btn/homeOver.png';" src="../skin/img/btn/home.png " alt="Accueil"><span class="btnLbl">Accueil</span></span></a><span class="hidden"> | </span><a title="Imprimer la page" class="printBtn" onclick="window.print();return false;" href="#"><span><img class="btnImg" onmouseout="this.src='../skin/img/btn/print.png';" onmouseover="this.src='../skin/img/btn/printOver.png';" src="../skin/img/btn/print.png " alt="Imprimer"><span class="btnLbl">Imprimer</span></span></a></span><span id="tplBtmIn"><span class="hidden"> | </span><span class="legalInfo">
|
|
<span class="op_sPara_p">Sophie Jequier - Bertrand Dauphole - EDITEUR : Université de Bordeaux - MAPI</span>
|
|
<span class="hidden"> | </span><a title="Paternité - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Partage des Conditions Initiales à l'Identique (nouvelle fenêtre)" class="cc-button" target="_blank" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/deed.fr" rel="license"><img src="../skin/img/lic/by-nc-sa.png" height="15" width="80" alt="Paternité - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Partage des Conditions Initiales à l'Identique"></a></span><span class="hidden"> | </span><a target="_blank" id="linkSp" href="http://scenari-platform.org" title="Réalisé avec Scenari (nouvelle fenêtre)"><span><img src="../skin/img/struct/scBtn.png " alt="Réalisé avec Scenari (nouvelle fenêtre)"></span></a></span></div></div>
|
|
<script src="../skin/js/skin.js" type="text/JavaScript"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">tplMgr.init();mnuMgr.init();new scSiRuleAutoMarginW("tplCoMarginW","ide:tplCo",true,510,100);new scSiRuleFlexH("tplCoFlexTop","ide:tplCo",true,.3);scImgMgr.init();</script>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|